The United States import clear attention to the matter
2024/11/6 16:40:19 COMROM： BROWSE：
Mainly said under the general import of goods, that is, the logistics channel of China to the United States is air or sea, or combined transport mode (non-mail channel, non-express channel).
Most of the imported goods are worth more than 2500 US dollars. For the goods over 2500 US dollars, the US customs requires that they must be officially imported, no matter whether the tariff of the goods is 0 or not, and the official import must require an IOR (importer of record), which must have Bond. Bond is divided into two categories, one is one-time, suitable for importers to officially import less than twice a year, and the other is called annual bond, suitable for imports more than twice a year. Without bond, the IOR cannot clear customs. The cost of the bond is determined by the value of the imported goods and the amount of customs duty. The average annual bond cost is between $400 and $800. IOR can be divided into two kinds. One is that the American entity company, that is, the importer, is in the United States; the other is to buy bond by the shipper from China, that is, to buy bond. Both cases are acceptable. The second situation is something very special in America, which many Chinese exporters or sellers do not know. In fact, if you have done business in America for a long time and there is no entity company in the United States or no partner you recognize in the United States, it is better to act as an importer in the form of a domestic shipper and buy bonds. However, it still needs a company in the United States that can provide the consignee as the consignee and his tax ID. Then the consignee can use a logistics company or other means. To buy a bond, you need the company's tax ID, or IRS paper if it's a U.S. entity, and you need the ID of the company owner. If it is an overseas company, that is, the shipper to buy bond, you need to provide an overseas business license, corporate passport or ID card. Then, the United States needs to entrust a customs broker to do import customs clearance (theoretically, IOR can clear customs by itself, but if you do it yourself, it may not be particularly cost-effective, of course, large IOR often has its own inhouse broker, which is another situation). If it is the first import, it is necessary to provide the customs broker with the POA and declaration letter. BOND information, cargo packing list, commercial invoice of cargo, and airway bill or bill of landing. For air transportation, customs declarer in the United States can make declaration as soon as the plane takes off. Often customs clearance is completed without the plane landing, and then the customs system will give the customs declarer instructions and release. Inspection, others, etc. If we're cleared, we can pick up at the airport. After that, the customs broker will give the importer a form called CBP7501, which is very important. It is the import certificate of the United States, issued by the United States Customs, and it will clearly contain various details and charges. Include duties, MPF, customs code of goods, value, consignee, etc. Tariff this part, the general small and medium-sized customers are paid to the customs broker by the customs broker to the customs, the United States does not exist customs customs agents do not give the situation, let alone worry about the customs agent more tariffs (but the customs broker will charge a tariff advance fee), as long as you get the 7501 form can explain everything, again say this form is very important. If you have a large tariff, you can open an account with US Customs and deposit money in it to pay the tariff. Customs deduct money directly from this account after the customs duty is incurred. There is no such thing as opaque tariffs in the United States. If you feel that the customs has overcharged, take this 7501 or other credentials to communicate with him, and then fail to go to court, these are very normal circumstances, and they are also the rights of American importers. Besides, because IOR is the owner of the goods, the customs and customs brokers only have relations with him, so why it is best to have the shipper buy bond is just this point, which means that the right of the goods is still in their own hands, and there will be no wrangle. Therefore, when looking for any logistics company, we must ask clearly who is the importer, because who is the importer, the right of the goods is who, if the logistics company tells you that it can be all inclusive, keep an eye to ask him who is the importer and whose importer you had better sign a good agreement with. It is unclear to prevent the transfer of goods rights when the importer becomes one, and whoever becomes the importer will bear all the responsibilities of the import of the United States, including tariffs, FDA, inspection and storage fees, logistics costs at American ports and so on.
Customs clearance process for exports to the United States
Export goods to the United States trade in a variety of ways, some goods of the United States import customs clearance fees and taxes paid by the shipper, in this case, the United States customs clearance Association requires Chinese exporters to sign a POA power of attorney before shipping, similar to China's customs declaration needs to use the power of attorney. There are usually two customs clearance methods: 1. Customs clearance in the name of the American consignee, that is, the American agent who provides POA to the freight forwarder by the American consignee, and the Bond of the American consignee is also required. 2. Customs clearance in the name of the consignor means that the consignor provides the POA to the freight forwarder at the port of origin, and the freight forwarder then transfers it to the agent at the port of destination. The American agent helps the consignor to handle the importer's customs registration number in the United States, and the consignor needs to buy the Bond at the same time. Note: 1, the above two customs clearance methods, No matter which one is used, must use the US consignee's Tax ID (also known as IRS No.) to clear customs. IRS No. (The Internal Revenue Service No.) is a tax identification number registered with the Internal Revenue Service by a U.S. consignee. 2, in the United States, no Bond can not clear customs, no tax number can not clear customs. The customs clearance process under this type of trade
01. After receiving the arrival notice, if the documents required by the customs are prepared at the same time, the customs can apply for customs clearance within 5 days of arriving at the port or arriving at the inland point. Customs clearance is usually notified within 48 hours by sea and within 24 hours by air. The customs decided to inspect some cargo ships before they arrived at the port. The vast majority of inland points can be Pre-Clear before the ARRIVAL of the goods, but the results will only be displayed after the arrival of the goods (i.e. after the ARRIVAL IT).
There are two ways to declare to customs, one is electronic declaration, and the other is that customs needs to review the written documents. Either way, we must prepare the required documents and other data information.
2, prepare customs declaration documents (1) Bill of lading (B/L); (2) Commercial Invoice; (3) Packing List; (5) Fumigation Certificate or Non Wood Packing Statement is required if wood packaging is available.
The name of the consignee on the bill of lading needs to be consistent with the consignee shown on the latter three documents. If it is inconsistent, a Letter of Transfer written by the consignee on the bill of lading is required before the customs clearance can be carried out by the third party. The name, address and telephone number of S/ & C/ are also required on the invoice and packing list. Some S/ S documents in China lack such information and will be asked to supplement it.
3, customs transfer If in the inland customs clearance, need to do customs transfer we need to provide I.T. #, effective date, departure and stop. Inland Customs will use I.T# to control and release.
4. Release the goods
(1) In the previous ABI system, the shipping company terminal was directly connected to the customs, which meant that if the customs released in the ABI, the shipping company and the terminal could see it. After the trial of AMS, large-scale shipping companies such as Evergreen, APL, Maersk, COSCO, CSCL, etc., are also connected to AMS, but the docks do not have AMS, so the customs release in AMS, these shipping companies and NVOCC AMS FILER can be synchronized to see, the shipping company helps the dock system update at the same time. Relatively small shipping companies, such as China Overseas Shipping, LYKES, GWS, etc., do not do the AMS network, so they can only be released through NVOCC AMS FILER fax NVOCC guarantee letter and CUSTOMS pass copy (CUSTOMS FORM 3461), these shipping companies receive the fax and then manually update the terminal system.
(2) The dock/shipping company is networked with the shipping company, if the freight is prepaid, the bill of lading is telex release, as long as the customs release, the dock will automatically release the goods to the truck company. American customers do not need to exchange orders, so American agents have no way to help detain the goods, which is completely different from China. Therefore, the loading port has not received the customer's freight, do not do the shipping company large bill of lading telex release or prepaid freight.
(3) For the goods released inland to the inland, the shipping company will give A PICK UP# after customs clearance, the agent will notify C/ after getting the PICK UP#, and the truck company will pick up the goods with this number, which can only be obtained after: A, the goods arrive at the storage yard and get off the container from the train, B, the customs release, C, the shipping company release, and the lack of any item can not be obtained. Therefore, inland goods need to take a long time to track until C/ receive PICK UP#. What is a "Bond"? BondBond is actually the representative of import insurance. Specifically, when the import enterprise does not pick up the goods or abandon the goods for uncertain reasons, the US Customs can apply to the insurance company to claim other operating costs of the goods imported into the United States, such as storage fees and so on, in addition to the expected auction of the goods. Note: Failure to buy a Bond is equivalent to failure to file with US Customs. Even if the ISF is sent, it will not be able to import customs clearance, and the goods will inevitably be rejected by the customs after arriving at the port and may need to be fined.
The U.S. Customs and Border Protection Bonds (CBP Bonds) refer to U.S. Customs Service guarantees. A Bond is a bond that an American importer, that is, the party that undertakes the security on customs matters, needs to buy. In order to prevent importers from incurring fines due to certain factors, the US Customs can deduct money in the Bond, so all goods imported to the United States need to buy bonds.
If the value of goods imported into the United States for commercial purposes exceeds $2,500, or if the import of goods that are subject to the entry control requirements of other U.S. federal agencies (such as firearms or food, etc.), the importer must use the Customs affairs guarantee, which means that the importer must purchase a Bond.
The guarantors of the US Customs Affairs Guarantee are companies certified by the US government. Us Treasury announced web site (https://www.fiscal.treasury.gov/surety-bonds/list-certified-companies.html) and updates the eligible for U.S. customs guarantee guarantee enterprise list (Treasury Department Circular 570).
2. Category of Bond
Since the Bond is used as insurance, there must be some division. According to the age of the Bond, it is divided into the following two categories:
A. Continuous Bond. It can be known from the literal meaning that the annual Bond only needs to be purchased once a year, which is more suitable for the shippers who import and export logistics are more frequent during the year. ContinuousBonds that can provide security for multiple customs operations.
B, Single Transaction Bond [Single transaction Bond], simply called STB. If some goods may have the risk of dumping, the US Customs will require them to purchase STB accordingly, so as to avoid losses.
In addition, the current U.S. Customs provides a new security business, namely intellectual Property Sample Bonds (IPR Sample Bonds) for intellectual property rights holders, intellectual property sample security is a kind of continuous security.
In addition to the above guarantees, which are only applicable to customs matters, enterprises can also use integrated bonds. This guarantee can not only guarantee customs compliance and customs taxes, but also provide a guarantee for the guaranteed to comply with other import and export laws and regulations.
Third, how to calculate the guarantee amount of continuous guarantee?
The minimum insurance amount for both types of Bond is $100. In the case of an importer's or a customs agent's guarantee for customs matters, the minimum amount of the guarantee for a continuous guarantee is calculated on the basis of 10% of the total amount of duties, taxes and fees paid by the guaranteed in the previous 12 months. In addition, add some items such as the amount of unpaid taxes and fees.
The continuous guarantee is valid for one year or until the importer or guarantor cancels the guarantee. U.S. Customs periodically reviews the adequacy of the continuing warranty to ensure compliance and tax liability. It is important to note that the guaranteed amount is not a premium. The premium is paid to the guarantor.
4. How to choose Bonds?
Businesses can choose between SingleTransaction Bonds (STBS) and continuous bonds (ContinuousBonds). The cost of a continuous guarantee of the same customs business is obviously higher than that of a one-off guarantee, but the cost of a continuous guarantee is equally shared on each customs business guaranteed, and it is obviously more cost-effective than a one-off guarantee.
The choice of Bond is not simply based on the amount of guarantee and premium, but depends on the frequency and type of business the company imports into the United States. For occasional imports, a one-off guarantee is recommended. If goods are frequently imported into the United States and enter through various ports, continuous bond is the most efficient and economical option.
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